It IS the highest level directory that everything else on your computer is located inside. That’s the grandparent folder, if you will. The path refers to the file system and series of directories (aka folders) that indicate where you are currently located in the file system.Įvery computer has a root or top level directory. Understanding what folder you are located in is important when working on the command line. You may also wish to read about Windows Subsytem for Linux. As of the time of writing (Spring 2018), I recommend downloading the free terminal program Cmder for a Linux-style shell on PC, including the underlying Git-Bash and Linux for Windows. In other words, the programs and tools for working on the command line in this intro will not work in Powershell. PC’s come with a default Powershell, but it is not a Linux-style shell. Hardcore computer users may already know: Technically, Macs run Darwin, a free open-source Unix and Linux-like operating system based on the work of many previous Unix and Linux distributions. Once you have the basics down, you may wish to download iTerm a free replacement Terminal for Mac with nice color and style options and multi-screen support. Another way to access Spotlight is through the default key macro Command-Space. You can also access the terminal from Spotlight, which looks like a magnifying glass in the top right of your menu bar. On a Mac you access the Terminal application, located inside the Utilities folder inside the Applications folder on your hard drive. The command line is present on devices that don’t even have a screen, mouse, internet, et cetera and for many server tasks command line knowledge is essential. ![]() Nearly every computer from OS X, Raspberry Pi to web servers, internet devices, routers and robots can be controlled through the command line, and even more devices are being created that can be interacted with that are online (through the so-called “Internet Of Things”, which is a nebulous term but is driven on the back of the command line). You will have access to a wide variety of programs and technologies, many that may have been off-limit or hidden before, and many with options that can go far beyond what a graphical program allows. Learning to use the command prompt will open up new worlds for you. Since Linux command line programs are short, modular and inter-operable writing a program for the command prompt is easier than writing a program with a graphical interface (for example creating windows and buttons). In Unix (and Linux), programs are intended to be minimal, modular, “do one thing well”, be clear, transparent, and extendable. As mentioned earlier, Linux was originally an open source clone of Unix. It is likely that you are more familiar with interfaces that have windows and buttons, but the command prompt is an interface entirely driven by text input. In some ways the command prompt is the simplest kind of computer interface possible. The command line is the place where you type commands to manipulate files on your computer or launch programs that perform tasks. Anyone may modify and distribute new versions of Linux. ![]() It is the largest open source collaborative project in the world, with thousands of contributors working together online for the past 30 years. It is the leading operating system on web servers, hardware, and all Android phones. Linux is a family of free open-source operating systems for computer systems, originally built as a clone of the proprietary Unix operating system. ![]() ![]() The application or user interface that accepts your typed responses and displays the data on the screen is called a shell, and there are many different varieties that you can choose from, but the most common these days is the Bash shell, which is the default on Linux and Mac systems in the Terminal application. Since you can directly control the computer by typing, many tasks can be performed more quickly, and some tasks can be automated with special commands that loop through and perform the same action on many files-saving you, potentially, loads of time in the process. The command-line interface, sometimes referred to as the CLI, is a tool into which you can type text commands to perform specific tasks-in contrast to the mouse’s pointing and clicking on menus and buttons. Running Your Computer From the Command Line What is the command line?
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